1. 상관 접속사

both A and B : A, B 둘 다 (복수취급)

either A or B : A, B 둘 중 하나 (B에 맞춤)

neither A nor B : A, B 둘 다 아니다 (B에 맞춤)

not A but B : A가 아니라 B다 (B에 맞춤)

not that A절 but that B절 : A절이 아니라 B절이다(B에 맞춤)

not because A절 but because B절 : A절 때문이 아니라 절B 때문이다

not only A but (also) B : A뿐 만 아니라 B도(B에 맞춤)

just

merely

= B as well as A(B에 맞춤)

cf. not either = neither (전체부정 - not + 부분) : 둘 다 아냐

not both = either (부분부정 - not + 전체) : 하나만 그래(둘 다 그런 건 아냐)

2. 목적 부사절 : 조동사 may 씀

* He went to Paris to study. : 그는 공부하기 위해서 파리로 갔다.

= He went to Paris in order to study.

= He went to Paris so as to study.

= He went to Paris so that he might study.

= He went to Paris in order that he might study.

** He went to Paris not to fail. : 그는 실패하지 않기 위해서 파리로 갔다.

= He went to Paris in order not to fail.

= He went to Paris so as not to fail.

= He went to Paris so that he might not fail.

= He went to Paris for fear that he should fail.

= He went to Paris lest he should fail. (lest는 접속사)

3. 정도 부사절 : so 형 that절 / such a 형 명 that절 / too 형 to V / 형 enough to V

* He is too fat to go through it. : 그는 너무 뚱뚱해서 그곳을 통과할 수 없다

= He is so fat that he can't go through it.

* He is slim enough to go through it. : 그는 충분히 날씬해서 그곳을 통과할 수 있다

= He is so slim that he can go through it.

* The book is too difficult for him to read. : 그 책은 너무 어려워서 그가 읽을 수가 없다

= The book is so difficult that he can't read it.

cf. The book is too difficult for him to read it. (X)

The book is so difficult that he can't read. (X)

4. not A until B 구문 : B 할 때 까지 A 하지 않다

He didn't reach the destination until after dark. : 그는 어두워진 후에야 비로소 목적지에 도달할 수 있었다.

= Not until after dark did he reach the destination.

= Only after dark did he reach the destination.

= It was only after dark that he reached the destination.

= It was not until after dark that he reached the destination.

5. ～하자마자 구문

As soon as he heard the news, he fell down. : 그가 그 소식을 듣자마자, 그는 쓰러졌다.

= The moment he heard the news, he fell down.

(=The minute/The instant/Immediately/Instantly/Directly)

= On hearing the news, he fell down.

= He hadn't sooner heard the news than he fell down.

= No sooner had he heard the news than he fell down.

= He had hardly/scarcely heard the news when/before he fell down.

= Hardly/scarcely had he heard the news when/before he fell down.

6. 양보절

Even if he says he is from the police, don't open your door to a stranger. : 그가 경찰이라고 말할지라도, 이방인에게 문을 열어주지 마라.

= Though

= Although